Abstract
We report here that ultraviolet irradiation substantially reduced the mRNA and protein of the two major nuclear retinoid receptors, RAR-gamma and RXR-alpha, in human skin in vivo. Pre-treatment with retinoic acid mitigated this loss of nuclear retinoid receptors. Ultraviolet irradiation caused a near-total loss of retinoic acid induction of two RAR/RXR target genes, cellular retinoic acid binding protein-II and RA 4-hydroxylase, but did not affect 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 induction of the vitamin D receptor/RXR-regulated gene vitamin D 24-hydroxylase. In effect, ultraviolet irradiation causes a functional vitamin A deficiency that may have deleterious effects on skin function, contributing to skin photo-aging and carcinogenesis.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Administration, Topical
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Adult
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Biopsy
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Cell Nucleus / radiation effects
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Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / radiation effects
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Humans
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Male
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Middle Aged
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RNA, Messenger / radiation effects
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Receptors, Calcitriol / metabolism
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Receptors, Retinoic Acid / genetics
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Receptors, Retinoic Acid / radiation effects
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Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase
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Retinoid X Receptors
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Skin / radiation effects*
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Steroid Hydroxylases / radiation effects
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Transcription Factors / radiation effects
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Tretinoin / therapeutic use*
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Ultraviolet Rays / adverse effects*
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Vitamin A Deficiency / drug therapy*
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Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase
Substances
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RNA, Messenger
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Receptors, Calcitriol
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Receptors, Retinoic Acid
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Retinoid X Receptors
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Transcription Factors
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retinoic acid binding protein II, cellular
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Tretinoin
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Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
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Steroid Hydroxylases
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Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase
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Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase