Enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism of mycelial fungi from marine environments. beta-1,3-glucanase of the marine fungus Chaetomium indicum

Biochemistry (Mosc). 2000 Oct;65(10):1175-83.

Abstract

Thirty samples of fungi belonging to 17 species living in marine environments were studied for their ability to produce extracellular enzymes. In the culture fluids, a variety of glycosidases (beta-glucosidases, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidases, and alpha-mannosidases) and glucanases (amylases and beta-1,3-glucanases) were found. Several cultures were found that could be used as efficient producers of either individual enzymes or a whole complement of enzymes degrading carbohydrate-containing compounds. Optimal growth conditions for the fungus Chaetomium indicum and beta-1,3-glucanase biosynthesis were developed. beta-1,3-Glucanase was isolated by a combination of ion-exchange chromatography, ultrafiltration, and gel chromatography. The molecular mass of the enzyme determined by gel-filtration was 54 kD. The enzyme was stable at temperatures below 50 degrees C, had a temperature optimum for activity at 60 degrees C, and retained activity between pH 4.5 and 7.5. The pH dependence of the beta-1, 3-glucanase activity showed two maxima, at pH 4.4 and 5.6; this suggested the existence of two forms of the enzyme. Analysis of the products of enzymatic hydrolysis of laminaran, transglycosylating ability, and the effect of a specific natural inhibitor indicates that both forms are exo-beta-1,3-glucanases.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carbohydrate Metabolism
  • Chaetomium / enzymology*
  • Enzyme Stability
  • Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase
  • Glycoside Hydrolases / chemistry
  • Glycoside Hydrolases / isolation & purification
  • Glycoside Hydrolases / metabolism
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Molecular Weight
  • beta-Glucosidase / chemistry
  • beta-Glucosidase / isolation & purification
  • beta-Glucosidase / metabolism*

Substances

  • Glycoside Hydrolases
  • beta-Glucosidase
  • Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase