The purpose of this retrospective investigation is to compare vertical growth component of craniofacial structure of subjects with early and late adenoidectomy history. The study consisted of 93 lateral cephalometric radiographs of three groups of randomly selected patients. The first group was made up of 12 patients (10 male and two female) with an average age of 11.16 +/- 2.08 years, who had been operated upon between 1.5-4 years of age. The second group was made up of 54 patients (25 maleand 29 female) with an average age of 12.18 +/- 2.6 years, who had been operated upon after four years of age. The third group of 27 patients (7 male and 20 female) with clear airway with an average age of 11.18 +/- 2.35 years was used as the control. The data obtained from two adenoidectomy groups were compared and because no statistically significant difference was found except for ANSMe/NMe, the two groups were pooled and compared with the growth pattern in the control sample. There were statistically significant differences in the following parameters: SNGoMe, PPGoMe angle, Gonial angle, Gonial ratio, sigma of inner angles, ANSMe/NMe ratio, Jarabak ratio, PNS-adl distance, PNS-ad2 distance, OAW1 distance. When compared with the control group, the adenoidectomy group showed a more vertically directed growth pattern, however, there were no vertical growth pattern differences between the two groups of children who had adenoidectomy before and after four years of age.