A new phospholipid phosphatase, PRG-1, is involved in axon growth and regenerative sprouting

Nat Neurosci. 2003 Jun;6(6):572-8. doi: 10.1038/nn1052.

Abstract

Outgrowth of axons in the central nervous system is governed by specific molecular cues. Molecules detected so far act as ligands that bind to specific receptors. Here, we report a new membrane-associated lipid phosphate phosphatase that we have named plasticity-related gene 1 (PRG-1), which facilitates axonal outgrowth during development and regenerative sprouting. PRG-1 is specifically expressed in neurons and is located in the membranes of outgrowing axons. There, it acts as an ecto-enzyme and attenuates phospholipid-induced axon collapse in neurons and facilitates outgrowth in the hippocampus. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism by which axons are able to control phospholipid-mediated signaling and overcome the growth-inhibiting, phospholipid-rich environment of the extracellular space.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence / genetics
  • Animals
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Base Sequence / genetics
  • Calmodulin-Binding Proteins
  • Cell Differentiation / physiology*
  • DNA, Complementary / analysis
  • DNA, Complementary / genetics
  • Extracellular Space / metabolism
  • Female
  • Fetus
  • Growth Cones / enzymology*
  • Growth Cones / ultrastructure
  • Hippocampus / embryology
  • Hippocampus / enzymology
  • Hippocampus / growth & development
  • Membrane Lipids / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Nerve Regeneration / physiology*
  • Neuronal Plasticity / physiology*
  • Organ Culture Techniques
  • Phospholipids / metabolism*
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / genetics
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / isolation & purification*
  • Pregnancy
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured
  • Up-Regulation / genetics

Substances

  • Calmodulin-Binding Proteins
  • DNA, Complementary
  • Membrane Lipids
  • Phospholipids
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Plppr4 protein, rat
  • Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases

Associated data

  • RefSeq/NM_010336
  • RefSeq/NM_020028
  • RefSeq/NM_022983