Abstract
Outgrowth of axons in the central nervous system is governed by specific molecular cues. Molecules detected so far act as ligands that bind to specific receptors. Here, we report a new membrane-associated lipid phosphate phosphatase that we have named plasticity-related gene 1 (PRG-1), which facilitates axonal outgrowth during development and regenerative sprouting. PRG-1 is specifically expressed in neurons and is located in the membranes of outgrowing axons. There, it acts as an ecto-enzyme and attenuates phospholipid-induced axon collapse in neurons and facilitates outgrowth in the hippocampus. Thus, we propose a novel mechanism by which axons are able to control phospholipid-mediated signaling and overcome the growth-inhibiting, phospholipid-rich environment of the extracellular space.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Sequence / genetics
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Animals
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Animals, Newborn
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Base Sequence / genetics
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Calmodulin-Binding Proteins
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Cell Differentiation / physiology*
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DNA, Complementary / analysis
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DNA, Complementary / genetics
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Extracellular Space / metabolism
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Female
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Fetus
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Growth Cones / enzymology*
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Growth Cones / ultrastructure
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Hippocampus / embryology
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Hippocampus / enzymology
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Hippocampus / growth & development
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Membrane Lipids / metabolism
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Mice
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Nerve Regeneration / physiology*
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Neuronal Plasticity / physiology*
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Organ Culture Techniques
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Phospholipids / metabolism*
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Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / genetics
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Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / isolation & purification*
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Pregnancy
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RNA, Messenger / metabolism
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Up-Regulation / genetics
Substances
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Calmodulin-Binding Proteins
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DNA, Complementary
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Membrane Lipids
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Phospholipids
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RNA, Messenger
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Plppr4 protein, rat
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Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
Associated data
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RefSeq/NM_010336
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RefSeq/NM_020028
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RefSeq/NM_022983