Abstract
Calcium regulates the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes both in vivo and in vitro. Elevated extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) raises the intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) and activates differentiation-related genes. Cells lacking the calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) fail to respond to [Ca2+]o and to differentiate, indicating a role for CaR in keratinocyte differentiation. These concepts derived from in vitro experiments have been tested and confirmed in two mouse models.
Publication types
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antigens, Differentiation / genetics
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Antigens, Differentiation / metabolism
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Calcium / metabolism
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Cell Differentiation / genetics
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Cell Differentiation / physiology*
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Epidermis / chemistry
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Epidermis / physiology*
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Extracellular Space / metabolism
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Humans
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Keratinocytes / cytology
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Keratinocytes / physiology
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Receptors, Calcium-Sensing / analysis
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Receptors, Calcium-Sensing / genetics
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Receptors, Calcium-Sensing / physiology*
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Signal Transduction / physiology
Substances
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Antigens, Differentiation
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Receptors, Calcium-Sensing
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Calcium