Abstract
Basic fibroblast growth factor and members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily are important regulators of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) self-renewal. Extensive cross-talk between the intracellular signaling pathways activated by these factors contributes to maintenance of the undifferentiated hESC state. Understanding the molecular regulation of hESC self-renewal will facilitate the design of improved systems for hESC propagation and provide a foundation for strategies to direct the differentiation of hESCs to clinically relevant cell types.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Activins / pharmacology
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Activins / physiology
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Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / pharmacology
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Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / physiology
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Cell Adhesion / drug effects
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Cell Culture Techniques / methods
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Cell Proliferation*
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Coculture Techniques / methods
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Culture Media, Serum-Free / pharmacology
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Embryo, Mammalian / cytology*
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Fibroblast Growth Factors / pharmacology
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Fibroblast Growth Factors / physiology
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Growth Substances / pharmacology
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Growth Substances / physiology
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Humans
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Models, Biological
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Nodal Protein
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Stem Cells / cytology*
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Stem Cells / drug effects
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / pharmacology
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Transforming Growth Factor beta / physiology
Substances
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Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
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Culture Media, Serum-Free
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Growth Substances
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NODAL protein, human
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Nodal Protein
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Transforming Growth Factor beta
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Activins
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Fibroblast Growth Factors