Anti-inflammatory action of dietary fish oil and calorie restriction

Life Sci. 2006 Apr 18;78(21):2523-32. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.10.034. Epub 2006 Jan 24.

Abstract

Inflammation, inflammatory mediators, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) are all influenced by age-related oxidative status. To investigate the effect of dietary fish oil (FO) and calorie restriction (CR) on oxidative stress-related inflammatory status with age, (NZB/NZW) F1 (B/W) mice were fed for 4 and 9 months either ad libitum or calorie-restricted (60% of ad libitum intake) diets containing 5% corn oil or 5% FO. We measured several key oxidative and inflammatory markers: TBARS, xanthine oxidase (XOD)-derived superoxide generation, and PGE2 and LTB4 production. Expressions of renal COX-1, COX-2, and iNOS mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR; additionally, COX-2 protein was estimated by Western-blot method. Results show that FO intake and CR individually and together suppressed age-related increases in lipid peroxidation and superoxide generation. The inhibitory effects of dietary FO and CR were also found for iNOS expression, COX-2 expression, which subsequently led to the suppression of PGE2 and LTB4. We conclude that the beneficial effects of FO feeding and CR are synergistic in ameliorating the age-related nephritis of B/W mice by suppressing COX-2 and iNOS, reactive species generation, and pro-inflammatory mediators.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aging / physiology
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents*
  • Blotting, Western
  • Caloric Restriction*
  • Cyclooxygenase 1 / biosynthesis
  • Cyclooxygenase 2 / biosynthesis
  • Diet*
  • Dinoprostone / biosynthesis
  • Female
  • Fish Oils / pharmacology*
  • Kidney / metabolism
  • Leukotriene B4 / biosynthesis
  • Lipid Peroxidation / drug effects
  • Mice
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / biosynthesis
  • RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Xanthine Oxidase / metabolism

Substances

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Fish Oils
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Leukotriene B4
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • Cyclooxygenase 1
  • Cyclooxygenase 2
  • Xanthine Oxidase
  • Dinoprostone