The literature suggests that prior to the 1950s, focus groups were almost unknown within the social sciences. Today research studies using focus groups are gaining appeal in academic journals. Likewise, they are being used quite extensively outside academic environments. The aim of this paper by Elizabeth Ann Curtis and Richard Redmond is threefold. Firstly, it introduces the background and main characteristics of focus groups, outlines their uses, and discusses the planning and preparation of focus groups. Secondly it discusses the benefits and limitations associated with the use of focus groups. Thirdly it provides an example of how one of the authors applied focus groups in their own research studies.