Abstract
Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) is a micronemal protein of apicomplexan parasites that appears to be essential during the invasion of host cells. Immune responses to Plasmodium AMA1 can have profound parasite-inhibitory effects, both as measured in vitro and in animal challenge models, suggesting AMA1 as a potential vaccine component. However, AMA1 is polymorphic, probably as a result of immune selection operating on an important target of naturally occurring immunity. The current understanding of AMA1 will be presented, particularly in relation to the vaccine potential of AMA1 and the approaches being taken towards clinical development.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adult
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Antibodies, Protozoan / blood
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Antigens, Protozoan / chemistry
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Antigens, Protozoan / genetics
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Antigens, Protozoan / immunology*
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Antigens, Protozoan / metabolism
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Child
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Child, Preschool
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Clinical Trials as Topic
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Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Malaria / immunology
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Malaria / mortality
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Malaria / parasitology
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Malaria / prevention & control*
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Malaria Vaccines* / administration & dosage
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Membrane Proteins / chemistry
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Membrane Proteins / genetics
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Membrane Proteins / immunology*
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Membrane Proteins / metabolism
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred Strains
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Models, Molecular
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Plasmodium / classification
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Plasmodium / genetics
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Plasmodium / immunology*
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Plasmodium / metabolism
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Polymorphism, Genetic
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Protozoan Proteins / chemistry
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Protozoan Proteins / genetics
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Protozoan Proteins / immunology*
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Protozoan Proteins / metabolism
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Rabbits
Substances
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Antibodies, Protozoan
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Antigens, Protozoan
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Malaria Vaccines
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Membrane Proteins
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Protozoan Proteins
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apical membrane antigen I, Plasmodium