Upregulation of activator protein-4 in human colorectal cancer with metastasis

Int J Surg Pathol. 2009 Feb;17(1):16-21. doi: 10.1177/1066896908315813. Epub 2008 May 14.

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of AP-4, VEGF, and MMP-9 genes in human colorectal cancer. The expression pattern of activator protein-4 in 160 colorectal cancer compared with 32 colorectal adenomas and 32 normal colorectal tissues is demonstrated by tissue microarray-immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Apoptosis status using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling by comparing activator protein-4 positive versus activator protein-4 negative colorectal cancer is also assessed. The messenger RNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in activator protein-4 positive and negative colorectal cancer were measured using real-time reverse transcriptase- polymerase chain reaction. The activator protein-4 expression in normal colorectal tissue, adenoma, and adenocarcinoma were 4 of 32, 8 of 32, and 78 of 160, respectively. It is shown that the activator protein-4 expression was significantly correlated with the progression of colorectal cancer (P < .01) and differentiation and lymph node metastasis (P < .01). Our results also presented that the activator protein-4 expression was associated with the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor in the advanced colorectal cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Adenoma / genetics
  • Adenoma / metabolism*
  • Adenoma / pathology
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Apoptosis
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Lymphatic Metastasis*
  • Male
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / genetics
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / metabolism
  • Middle Aged
  • Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Up-Regulation / genetics*
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / genetics
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • enhancer-binding protein AP-4
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9