This study examined child and maternal influences on maternal overinvolvement and negativity. A sample of mothers of children with anxiety disorders (n = 45) and mothers of nonclinical children (n = 46) were observed interacting during a speech preparation task with a child from the same diagnostic group as their child (i.e., anxious or nonanxious) and with a child from a different diagnostic group. During interactions involving children who were not their own, mothers were observed to be more involved with anxious children in comparison to nonclinical children. Mothers of clinically anxious children were observed to be less negative during the interactions with nonclinical children than with clinically anxious children. These results are discussed in relation to the cyclical relationship between parenting behavior and child anxiety.