Abstract
The members of Betacoronavirus phylocluster A possess two types of surface projections, one comprised of the spike protein (S) and the other of hemagglutinin-esterase (HE). Purportedly, these viruses bind to O-acetylated sialic acids (O-Ac-Sias) primarily through S, with HE serving merely as receptor-destroying enzyme. Here, we show that, in apparent contrast to human and ungulate host range variants of Betacoronavirus-1, murine coronaviruses actually bind to O-Ac-Sias via HE exclusively. Apparently, expansion of group A betacoronaviruses into new hosts and niches was accompanied by changes in HE ligand and substrate preference and in the roles of HE and S in Sia receptor usage.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Cell Line
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Coronavirus Infections / metabolism*
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Coronavirus Infections / virology
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Hemagglutinins, Viral / genetics
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Hemagglutinins, Viral / metabolism*
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Membrane Glycoproteins / genetics
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Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism*
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Mice
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Murine hepatitis virus / genetics
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Murine hepatitis virus / physiology*
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N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / metabolism*
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Protein Binding
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Rats
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Rats, Wistar
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Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
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Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
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Viral Envelope Proteins / metabolism*
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Viral Fusion Proteins / genetics
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Viral Fusion Proteins / metabolism*
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Virus Attachment*
Substances
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Hemagglutinins, Viral
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Membrane Glycoproteins
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Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
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Viral Envelope Proteins
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Viral Fusion Proteins
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hemagglutinin esterase
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N-Acetylneuraminic Acid