Attenuated Bordetella pertussis vaccine candidate BPZE1 promotes human dendritic cell CCL21-induced migration and drives a Th1/Th17 response

J Immunol. 2011 May 1;186(9):5388-96. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003765. Epub 2011 Mar 23.

Abstract

New vaccines against pertussis are needed to evoke full protection and long-lasting immunological memory starting from the first administration in neonates--the major target of the life-threatening pertussis infection. A novel live attenuated Bordetella pertussis vaccine strain, BPZE1, has been developed by eliminating or detoxifying three important B. pertussis virulence factors: pertussis toxin, dermonecrotic toxin, and tracheal cytotoxin. We used a human preclinical ex vivo model based on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) to evaluate BPZE1 immunogenicity. We studied the effects of BPZE1 on MDDC functions, focusing on the impact of Bordetella-primed dendritic cells in the regulation of Th and suppressor T cells (Ts). BPZE1 is able to activate human MDDCs and to promote the production of a broad spectrum of proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines. Moreover, conversely to its parental wild-type counterpart BPSM, BPZE1-primed MDDCs very efficiently migrate in vitro in response to the lymphatic chemokine CCL21, due to the inactivation of pertussis toxin enzymatic activity. BPZE1-primed MDDCs drove a mixed Th1/Th17 polarization and also induced functional Ts. Experiments performed in a Transwell system showed that cell contact rather than the production of soluble factors was required for suppression activity. Overall, our findings support the potential of BPZE1 as a novel live attenuated pertussis vaccine, as BPZE1-challenged dendritic cells might migrate from the site of infection to the lymph nodes, prime Th cells, mount an adaptive immune response, and orchestrate Th1/Th17 and Ts responses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bordetella pertussis
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Chemokine CCL21 / immunology*
  • Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / immunology*
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Humans
  • Immunophenotyping
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
  • Pertussis Vaccine / immunology*
  • Th1 Cells / immunology*
  • Th17 Cells / immunology*
  • Vaccines, Attenuated / immunology

Substances

  • CCL21 protein, human
  • Chemokine CCL21
  • Cytokines
  • Pertussis Vaccine
  • Vaccines, Attenuated