The Arabidopsis C2H2 zinc finger INDETERMINATE DOMAIN1/ENHYDROUS promotes the transition to germination by regulating light and hormonal signaling during seed maturation

Plant Cell. 2011 May;23(5):1772-94. doi: 10.1105/tpc.111.085134. Epub 2011 May 13.

Abstract

Seed development ends with a maturation phase that imparts desiccation tolerance, nutrient reserves, and dormancy degree. Here, we report the functional analysis of an Arabidopsis thaliana C2H2 zinc finger protein INDETERMINATE DOMAIN1 (IDD1)/ENHYDROUS (ENY). Ectopic expression of IDD1/ENY (2x35S:ENY) disrupted seed development, delaying endosperm depletion and testa senescence, resulting in an abbreviated maturation program. Consequently, mature 2x35S:ENY seeds had increased endosperm-specific fatty acids, starch retention, and defective mucilage extrusion. Using RAB18 promoter ENY lines (RAB18:ENY) to confine expression to maturation, when native ENY expression increased and peaked, resulted in mature seed with lower abscisic acid (ABA) content and decreased germination sensitivity to applied ABA. Furthermore, results of far-red and red light treatments of 2x35S:ENY and RAB18:ENY germinating seeds, and of artificial microRNA knockdown lines, suggest that ENY acts to promote germination. After using RAB18:ENY seedlings to induce ENY during ABA application, key genes in gibberellin (GA) metabolism and signaling were differentially regulated in a manner suggesting negative feedback regulation. Furthermore, GA treatment resulted in a skotomorphogenic-like phenotype in light-grown 2x35S:ENY and RAB18:ENY seedlings. The physical interaction of ENY with DELLAs and an ENY-triggered accumulation of DELLA transcripts during maturation support the conclusion that ENY mediates GA effects to balance ABA-promoted maturation during late seed development.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Abscisic Acid / analysis
  • Abscisic Acid / metabolism
  • Arabidopsis / genetics
  • Arabidopsis / growth & development
  • Arabidopsis / physiology*
  • Arabidopsis / radiation effects
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / genetics
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / metabolism*
  • Endosperm / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
  • Germination / physiology*
  • Germination / radiation effects
  • Gibberellins / metabolism
  • Light*
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutation
  • Nicotiana / genetics
  • Nicotiana / metabolism
  • Plant Growth Regulators / analysis
  • Plant Growth Regulators / metabolism
  • Plants, Genetically Modified / genetics
  • Plants, Genetically Modified / metabolism
  • Protein Interaction Maps
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Plant / genetics
  • Seedlings / growth & development
  • Seedlings / metabolism
  • Seedlings / radiation effects
  • Seeds / growth & development*
  • Seeds / metabolism
  • Seeds / radiation effects
  • Signal Transduction / physiology*
  • Signal Transduction / radiation effects
  • Zinc Fingers

Substances

  • Arabidopsis Proteins
  • Gibberellins
  • Plant Growth Regulators
  • RNA, Messenger
  • RNA, Plant
  • Abscisic Acid

Associated data

  • GENBANK/AF098752