Resveratrol is a well-known antioxidant that exists in grape skin/seed, red wine, and the root of Polygonum cuspidatum, a traditional Chinese and Japanese medicinal material. Studies have found that resveratrol has many interesting properties, including anti-carcinogenic properties, anti-microbial and antiviral effects, the ability to reverse dyslipidemia and obesity, the ability to attenuate hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, and the ability to protect endothelial function. Heart failure is the final consequence of the majority of cardiovascular diseases, and resveratrol has been shown to directly attenuate heart contraction. The cardiovascular protective capacities of resveratrol are associated with multiple molecular targets and may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for atherosclerosis, ischemia/reperfusion, metabolic syndrome, and heart failure. This article will mainly review recently published basic researches about the protective cardiovascular effects of resveratrol because these results may lead to the development of new clinical therapeutics in patients.