Abstract
The final goal of the present study was the development of a 3-D chitosan dressing that would shorten the healing time of skin wounds by stimulating migration, invasion, and proliferation of the relevant cutaneous resident cells. Three-dimensional chitosan nanofibrillar scaffolds produced by electrospinning were compared with evaporated films and freeze-dried sponges for their biological properties. The nanofibrillar structure strongly improved cell adhesion and proliferation in vitro. When implanted in mice, the nanofibrillar scaffold was colonized by mesenchymal cells and blood vessels. Accumulation of collagen fibrils was also observed. In contrast, sponges induced a foreign body granuloma. When used as a dressing covering full-thickness skin wounds in mice, chitosan nanofibrils induced a faster regeneration of both the epidermis and dermis compartments. Altogether our data illustrate the critical importance of the nanofibrillar structure of chitosan devices for their full biocompatibility and demonstrate the significant beneficial effect of chitosan as a wound-healing biomaterial.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Bandages
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Biocompatible Materials / chemistry*
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Biocompatible Materials / pharmacology
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Cell Adhesion / drug effects
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Cell Proliferation / drug effects
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Cells, Cultured
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Chitosan* / chemistry
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Chitosan* / metabolism
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Endothelial Cells / cytology
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Endothelial Cells / drug effects
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Endothelial Cells / metabolism
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Extracellular Matrix / chemistry
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Extracellular Matrix / metabolism
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Fibroblasts / cytology
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Fibroblasts / drug effects
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Fibroblasts / metabolism
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Granuloma
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Keratinocytes / cytology
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Keratinocytes / drug effects
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Keratinocytes / metabolism
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism
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Mice
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Microfibrils / chemistry
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Microfibrils / metabolism*
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Microfibrils / ultrastructure
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Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
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Nanofibers / chemistry*
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Nanofibers / ultrastructure
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Neovascularization, Physiologic / drug effects
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Skin / drug effects*
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Skin / growth & development
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Tissue Engineering / methods*
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Tissue Scaffolds / chemistry*
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Wound Healing / drug effects*
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Wound Healing / physiology
Substances
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Biocompatible Materials
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Chitosan