Abstract
Aims:
The aim of the present study is to investigate the status of proinflammatory cytokine in the brain of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) okadaic acid (OKA) induced memory impaired rat.
Main methods:
OKA (200 ng) intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) was administered in rats. Memory was assessed by Morris water maze test. Biochemical marker of neuroinflammation (TNF-α, IL-β), total nitrite, mRNA (RT PCR) and protein expression (WB) of iNOS and nNOS were estimated in rat brain areas.
Key findings:
OKA caused memory-impairment in rats with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α and IL-1β and total nitrite in brain regions hippocampus and cortex. The expression of mRNA and protein of iNOS was increased while; the expressions were decreased in case of nNOS. Pretreatment with antidementic drugs donepezil (5 mg/kg, p.o.) and memantine (10 mg/kg, p.o) for 13 days protected i.c.v. OKA induced memory impairment and changes in level of TNF-α, IL-β, total nitrite and expressions of iNOS and nNOS in OKA treated rat.
Significance:
This study suggests that neuroinflammation may play a vital role in OKA induced memory impairment.
Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication types
-
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
-
Animals
-
Behavior, Animal / drug effects
-
Biomarkers
-
Blotting, Western
-
Donepezil
-
Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / pharmacology
-
Indans / pharmacology
-
Inflammation / chemically induced*
-
Inflammation / pathology*
-
Injections, Intraventricular
-
Interleukin-1beta / metabolism
-
Male
-
Maze Learning / drug effects
-
Memantine / pharmacology
-
Memory Disorders / chemically induced*
-
Memory Disorders / pathology*
-
Memory Disorders / psychology
-
Motor Activity / drug effects
-
Nitrate Reductase / metabolism
-
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / biosynthesis
-
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / biosynthesis
-
Nitrites / metabolism
-
Nootropic Agents / pharmacology
-
Okadaic Acid* / administration & dosage
-
Piperidines / pharmacology
-
Polymerase Chain Reaction
-
RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis
-
RNA, Messenger / genetics
-
Rats
-
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
-
Reactive Nitrogen Species / metabolism
-
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
Substances
-
Biomarkers
-
Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
-
Indans
-
Interleukin-1beta
-
Nitrites
-
Nootropic Agents
-
Piperidines
-
RNA, Messenger
-
Reactive Nitrogen Species
-
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
-
Okadaic Acid
-
Donepezil
-
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I
-
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
-
Nitrate Reductase
-
Memantine