Cationic nanoparticles have superior transvascular flux into solid tumors: insights from a mathematical model

Ann Biomed Eng. 2013 Jan;41(1):68-77. doi: 10.1007/s10439-012-0630-4. Epub 2012 Aug 2.

Abstract

Despite their great promise, only a few nanoparticle formulations have been approved for clinical use in oncology. The failure of nano-scale drugs to enhance cancer therapy is in large part due to inefficient delivery. To overcome this outstanding problem, a better understanding of how the physical properties (i.e., size, surface chemistry, and shape) of nanoparticles affect their transvascular transport in tumors is required. In this study, we developed a mathematical model for nanoparticle delivery to solid tumors taking into account electrostatic interactions between the particles and the negatively-charged pores of the vessel wall. The model predictions suggest that electrostatic repulsion has a minor effect on the transvascular transport of nanoparticles. On the contrary, electrostatic attraction, caused even by small cationic charges (surface charge density less than 3 × 10(-3) C/m(2)) can lead to a twofold or more increase in the transvascular flux of nanoparticles into the tumor interstitial space. Importantly, for every nanoparticle size, there is a value of charge density above which a steep increase in transvascular transport is predicted. Our model provides important guidelines for the optimal design of nanoparticle formulation for delivery to solid tumors.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Capillary Permeability
  • Cations
  • Drug Delivery Systems*
  • Models, Theoretical*
  • Nanoparticles / administration & dosage*
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • Neoplasms / blood supply
  • Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Osmolar Concentration
  • Static Electricity

Substances

  • Cations