Role of adipose specific lipid droplet proteins in maintaining whole body energy homeostasis

Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Mar;1842(3):393-401. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.05.007. Epub 2013 May 17.

Abstract

Excess or insufficient lipid storage in white adipose tissue lipid droplets is associated with dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and increased risk for diabetes type 2. Thus, maintenance of adipose lipid droplet growth and function is critical to preserve whole body insulin sensitivity and energy homeostasis. Progress in understanding biology of lipid droplets has underscored the role of proteins that interact with lipid droplets. Here, we review the current knowledge of adipose specific lipid droplet proteins, which share unique functions controlling adipocyte lipid storage, limiting lipid spill-over and lipotoxic effects thought to contribute to disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Modulation of Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease.

Keywords: Adipose tissue; Insulin resistance; Lipid droplet associated protein; Lipid droplet growth; Obesity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adipocytes / metabolism
  • Adipose Tissue, White / metabolism*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / genetics
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / pathology
  • Energy Metabolism*
  • Homeostasis
  • Humans
  • Insulin Resistance / genetics
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Obesity / genetics
  • Obesity / metabolism*
  • Obesity / pathology
  • Phosphoproteins / genetics
  • Phosphoproteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Phosphoproteins