Abstract
Treatment of intoxications caused by nerve agents and organophosphorus pesticides consists of different approaches. The first approach is called prophylaxis or pre-exposure administration of antidotes such as cholinesterase reactivators or bioscavengers. The second, post-exposure treatment consists of anticholinergic drugs, acetylcholinesterase reactivators and anticonvulsants. This article is aimed at both mentioned approaches, especially focused on cholinesterase reactivators, which are a broad group of structurally different compounds that can be used in prophylaxis (separately or in combination with butyrylcholinesterase) and also as post-exposure treatment.
Publication types
-
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
-
Acetylcholinesterase / chemistry
-
Acetylcholinesterase / metabolism
-
Animals
-
Antidotes / therapeutic use
-
Blood-Brain Barrier / metabolism
-
Butyrylcholinesterase / chemistry
-
Butyrylcholinesterase / metabolism
-
Chemical Warfare Agents / chemistry
-
Chemical Warfare Agents / toxicity*
-
Cholinesterase Reactivators / therapeutic use
-
Humans
-
Mice
-
Organophosphorus Compounds / chemistry
-
Organophosphorus Compounds / toxicity*
-
Oximes / chemistry
-
Oximes / pharmacokinetics
-
Oximes / therapeutic use
-
Pesticides / chemistry
-
Pesticides / toxicity*
-
Poisoning / drug therapy
-
Poisoning / etiology*
-
Rats
-
Receptors, Muscarinic / metabolism
-
Receptors, Nicotinic / metabolism
Substances
-
Antidotes
-
Chemical Warfare Agents
-
Cholinesterase Reactivators
-
Organophosphorus Compounds
-
Oximes
-
Pesticides
-
Receptors, Muscarinic
-
Receptors, Nicotinic
-
Acetylcholinesterase
-
Butyrylcholinesterase