High prevalence of CTX-M-15 and first report of CTX-M-3, CTX-M-22, CTX-M-28 and plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections in Bosnia and Herzegovina in hospital and community settings

J Infect Chemother. 2015 May;21(5):363-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.01.003. Epub 2015 Jan 9.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamase/ESBL and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase/pAmpC producing Gram-negative bacteria causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the period Decembar 2009-May 2010.

Methods: Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by disc diffusion and broth microdilution according to CLSI guidelines. Double-disk synergy test was performed in order to screen for ESBLs/pAmpC beta-lactamases. PCR was used to detect bla(ESBL)/bla(ampC)/bla(carb) genes. Genetic relatedness of the strains was determined by pulsed-field-gel-electrophoresis (PFGE).

Results: Among 85 patients with UTIs caused by ESBL producing isolates, 44 (51.8%) were from in-patients and 41 (48.2%) from outpatients. Klebsiella spp. was the most frequently isolated from in-patients, in 28 (63.6%) cases. Among outpatients, Klebsiella spp./Escherichia coli were the most frequently isolated, in 19 (46.3%)/16 (39.0%) cases. Twenty-one (75.0%) from hospital and nine (47.4%) from outpatient Klebsiella spp. isolates were positive for blaTEM, whereas 27 (96.4%) from in-patients and 6 (31.6%) from outpatient were bla(CTX-M) positive (18 hospital and five outpatient isolates were encoding bla(CTX-M-15)). One Klebsiella oxytoca and one Enterobacter cloacae inpatient isolates were positive for blaCTX-M-28. One Klebsiella pneumoniae outpatient isolate were positive for bla(CTX-M-22) and one E. coli for bla(CTX-M-3). One hospital Proteus mirabilis strain was positive for bla(CMY-2) and two Klebsiella spp. strains for blaDHA-1, whereas two E. coli, one K. oxytoca and one Proteus vulgaris outpatient strains were positive for bla(CMY-2).

Conclusion: Identification of bla(CTX-M-3), bla(CTX-M-22) and bla(CTX-M-28) among Enterobacteriaceae is uncommon. In this study we report the emergency of CMY-2 and DHA-1 plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases.

Keywords: Antibiotic resistance; ESBL; bla(CMY-2); bla(DHA-1).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Ambulatory Care
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina / epidemiology
  • Citrobacter freundii / enzymology
  • Citrobacter freundii / genetics
  • Citrobacter freundii / isolation & purification
  • Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests
  • Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field
  • Enterobacter cloacae / enzymology
  • Enterobacter cloacae / genetics
  • Enterobacter cloacae / isolation & purification
  • Enterobacteriaceae / enzymology*
  • Enterobacteriaceae / genetics
  • Enterobacteriaceae / isolation & purification
  • Escherichia coli / enzymology
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / isolation & purification
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / genetics
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Klebsiella oxytoca / enzymology
  • Klebsiella oxytoca / genetics
  • Klebsiella oxytoca / isolation & purification
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae / enzymology
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae / genetics
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae / isolation & purification
  • Middle Aged
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Molecular Typing
  • Plasmids / genetics
  • Prevalence
  • Proteus mirabilis / enzymology
  • Proteus mirabilis / genetics
  • Proteus mirabilis / isolation & purification
  • Urinary Tract Infections / epidemiology*
  • Urinary Tract Infections / genetics
  • Urinary Tract Infections / microbiology*
  • beta-Lactamases / genetics

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Escherichia coli Proteins
  • beta-lactamase CMY-2
  • beta-lactamase CTX-M-15
  • beta-lactamase CTX-M-3
  • AmpC beta-lactamases
  • CTX-M-28 beta-lactamase, Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • beta-Lactamases
  • beta-lactamase CTX-M-22, E coli
  • beta-lactamase DHA-1, Klebsiella pneumoniae