Pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus may benefit by addition of immunosuppression to vasodilator therapy: an observational study

Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015 Sep;54(9):1673-9. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kev097. Epub 2015 Apr 29.

Abstract

Objective: To document changes in pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) in patients with SLE who have received CYC for any indication.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with SLE pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) with a PASP of >30 mmHg by transthoracic echocardiography received i.v. CYC (n = 24) or steroids (n = 24) with or without vasodilators (n = 20). Baseline clinical characteristics and PASP were evaluated before and after therapy at 6 months. Responders were defined as those who had a decrease in PASP of >15 mmHg from baseline along with improvement in their New York Heart Association functional class.

Results: There were 11 responders (45.83%), with a decrease in mean PASP from 59.33 mmHg at baseline to 43.29 mmHg at the end of 6 months (P < 0.0001). The decrease in mean PASP from 39.75 mmHg at baseline to 34.4 mmHg at the end of 6 months was significant in four patients who received immunosuppression alone (P = 0.04). There was no difference in baseline PASP and disease activity between responders and non-responders. Two deaths were noted.

Conclusion: Immunosuppression and vasodilators produced significant improvement in SLE PAH over 6 months.

Keywords: SLE; immunosuppression; pulmonary hypertension; responders; transthoracic echocardiography; vasodilators.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects
  • Blood Pressure / physiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cyclophosphamide / pharmacology
  • Cyclophosphamide / therapeutic use
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Echocardiography
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary / drug therapy*
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary / etiology*
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary / physiopathology
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / pharmacology
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / complications*
  • Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / drug therapy*
  • Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / physiopathology
  • Steroids / pharmacology
  • Steroids / therapeutic use
  • Systole / drug effects
  • Systole / physiology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vasodilator Agents / pharmacology
  • Vasodilator Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Steroids
  • Vasodilator Agents
  • Cyclophosphamide