An electrochemical sensor for warfarin determination based on covalent immobilization of quantum dots onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite film modified electrode

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2015 Dec 1:57:77-87. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.07.020. Epub 2015 Jul 20.

Abstract

A method is described for the construction of a novel electrochemical warfarin sensor based on covalent immobilization of CdS-quantum dots (CdS-QDs) onto carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/chitosan (CS) composite film on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. The CdS-QDs/CS/MWCNTs were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, XRD analysis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The sensor showed optimum anodic stripping response within 90s at an accumulation potential of 0.75V. The modified electrode was used to detect the concentration of warfarin with a wide linear range of 0.05-80 μM and a detection limit (S/N=3) of 8.5 nM. The proposed sensor has good storage stability, repeatability and reproducibility and was successfully applied for the determination of warfarin in real samples such as urine, serum and milk.

Keywords: CdS-quantum dots; Chitosan; Modified glassy carbon electrode; Multiwalled carbon nanotubes; Warfarin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adsorption
  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Biosensing Techniques / instrumentation
  • Blood Chemical Analysis / instrumentation
  • Chitosan / chemistry*
  • Conductometry / instrumentation*
  • Equipment Design
  • Equipment Failure Analysis
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Microelectrodes*
  • Milk / chemistry
  • Nanocomposites / chemistry
  • Nanocomposites / ultrastructure
  • Nanotubes, Carbon / chemistry*
  • Quantum Dots*
  • Urinalysis / instrumentation
  • Warfarin / analysis*

Substances

  • Nanotubes, Carbon
  • Warfarin
  • Chitosan