Home nursing care with the self-care model improves self-efficacy of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Aim: This study was carried out as an intervention study to determine the effect of nursing care provided at home with the self-care model on the self-efficacy of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in northern Turkey.

Methods: The study sample totaled 106 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease divided into two groups. The intervention group and the control group each included 53 patients. To collect data, the patient data sheet, Orem's self-care model-based data collection form, symptom evaluation form, Medical Research Council dyspnea scale, and the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease self-efficacy scale (CSES) were used. The nursing care applied for the intervention group consisted of four visits, two during the first month and two for the next 2 months. An educational guidebook was distributed to the intervention group during the first visit, and at all visits, education, care, and supervision were provided according to the care plan. All data were analyzed with the number, percentage, χ(2) -test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and Mann-Whitney U-test.

Results: The dyspnea level measured at the last visit for the control group was high compared with the intervention group (P < 0.05). The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease self-efficacy scale scores for subscale dimensions at the last visit and the general score for the intervention group were high compared with the first visit scores (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: According to the study results, home nursing care based on the Orem's self-care model is effective in improving self-efficacy of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.