COTI-2, a novel small molecule that is active against multiple human cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo

Oncotarget. 2016 Jul 5;7(27):41363-41379. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.9133.

Abstract

Identification of novel anti-cancer compounds with high efficacy and low toxicity is critical in drug development. High-throughput screening and other such strategies are generally resource-intensive. Therefore, in silico computer-aided drug design has gained rapid acceptance and popularity. We employed our proprietary computational platform (CHEMSAS®), which uses a unique combination of traditional and modern pharmacology principles, statistical modeling, medicinal chemistry, and machine-learning technologies to discover and optimize novel compounds that could target various cancers. COTI-2 is a small molecule candidate anti-cancer drug identified using CHEMSAS. This study describes the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of COTI-2. Our data demonstrate that COTI-2 is effective against a diverse group of human cancer cell lines regardless of their tissue of origin or genetic makeup. Most treated cancer cell lines were sensitive to COTI-2 at nanomolar concentrations. When compared to traditional chemotherapy or targeted-therapy agents, COTI-2 showed superior activity against tumor cells, in vitro and in vivo. Despite its potent anti-tumor efficacy, COTI-2 was safe and well-tolerated in vivo. Although the mechanism of action of COTI-2 is still under investigation, preliminary results indicate that it is not a traditional kinase or an Hsp90 inhibitor.

Keywords: CHEMSAS; COTI-2; cancer; small molecule; targeted-therapy.

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Triphosphatases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Aminoquinolines / isolation & purification
  • Aminoquinolines / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / isolation & purification*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
  • Drug Discovery
  • Female
  • HCT116 Cells
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • HT29 Cells
  • Humans
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Thiosemicarbazones / isolation & purification
  • Thiosemicarbazones / therapeutic use*
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Aminoquinolines
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • COTI-2 compound
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins
  • Thiosemicarbazones
  • Adenosine Triphosphatases