Background and objectives: We conducted a hospital-based, case-control study to examine the association between Mediterranean diet (MD) and the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Iran.
Methods and study design: A total of 70 patients with MS and 142 controls underwent face-to-face interviews in the major neurological clinics of Tehran, Iran. Adherence to a MD was assessed using the 9-unit dietary score, to evaluate the level of conformity of the individual's diet to the Mediterranean dietary pattern. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: Higher consumption of fruits (OR=0.28, 95% CI: 0.12-0.63, p-value: 0.002) and vegetables (OR=0.23, 95% CI: 0.10-0.53, p-value: 0.001) were significantly associated with reduced MS risk. In both age adjusted and multivariate adjusted model, the OR of MS decreased significantly in the third as compared to the first tertile of MD score (age adjusted OR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.06-0.67; p-trend: 0.01, Multivariate adjusted OR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.06-0.89, p-trend: 0.04).
Conclusions: Our study suggests that a high quality diet assessed by MD may decrease the risk of MS.
背景与目的：我们开展了以医院为基础的病例-对照研究，检查伊朗地区地中 海式饮食（MD）和多发性硬化症（MS）之间的关系。方法与研究设计：对 来自伊朗德黑兰主要神经科诊所的70 例多发性硬化症患者和142 例对照进行 了面对面访谈，采用9 级评分评估MD 依从性，分析个人饮食水平与地中海式 饮食模式间的遵从性程度。使用多变量logistic 回归模型计算OR 及95%置信 区间(CI)。结果：较高的水果和（OR 0.28，95% CI：0.12-0.63， p：0.002）和 蔬菜消费量（OR 0.23，95% CI：0.10-0.53， p：0.001）与低MS 风险显著相 关。在校正年龄和校正多变量两个模型中，与MD 得分第一分位数组相比， 第三分位数MS 的OR 显著降低（年龄调整的OR：0.21，95% CI：0.06- 0.67，趋势p：0.01；多变量调整的OR：0.23，95% CI：0.06-0.89，趋势p： 0.04）。结论：该研究表明高质量MD 饮食能降低MS 的风险。.