Design of smart GE11-PLGA/PEG-PLGA blend nanoparticulate platforms for parenteral administration of hydrophilic macromolecular drugs: synthesis, preparation and in vitro/ex vivo characterization

Int J Pharm. 2016 Sep 25;511(2):1112-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.08.011. Epub 2016 Aug 7.

Abstract

Active drug targeting and controlled release of hydrophilic macromolecular drugs represent crucial points in designing efficient polymeric drug delivery nanoplatforms. In the present work EGFR-targeted polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) nanoparticles were made by a blend of two different PLGA-based polymers. The first, GE11-PLGA, in which PLGA was functionalized with GE11, a small peptide and EGFR allosteric ligand, able to give nanoparticles selective targeting features. The second polymer was a PEGylated PLGA (PEG-PLGA) aimed at improving nanoparticles hydrophilicity and stealth features. GE11 and GE11-PLGA were custom synthetized through a simple and inexpensive method. The nanoprecipitation technique was exploited for the preparation of polymeric nanoparticles composed by a 1:1weight ratio between GE11-PLGA and PEG-PLGA, obtaining smart nanoplatforms with proper size for parenteral administration (143.9±5.0nm). In vitro cellular uptake in EGFR-overexpressing cell line (A549) demonstrated an active internalization of GE11-functionalized nanoparticles. GE11-PLGA/PEG-PLGA blend nanoparticles were loaded with Myoglobin, a model hydrophilic macromolecule, reaching a good loading (2.42% respect to the theoretical 4.00% w/w) and a prolonged release over 60days. GE11-PLGA/PEG-PLGA blend nanoparticles showed good in vitro stability for 30days in physiological saline solution at 4°C and for 24h in pH 7.4 or pH 5.0 buffer at 37°C respectively, giving indications about potential storage and administration conditions. Furthermore ex vivo stability study in human plasma using fluorescence Single Particle Tracking (fSPT) assessed good GE11-PLGA/PEG-PLGA nanoparticles dimensional stability after 1 and 4h. Thanks to the versatility in polymeric composition and relative tunable nanoparticles features in terms of drug incorporation and release, GE11-PLGA/PEG-PLGA blend NPs can be considered highly promising as smart nanoparticulate platforms for the treatment of diseases characterized by EGFR overexpression by parenteral administration .

Keywords: EGFR-targeted nanoparticles; GE11 peptide; GE11 targeted PLGA nanoplatforms; Macromolecular hydrophilic drugs nanoencapsulation; Smart PLGA nanoparticles.

MeSH terms

  • A549 Cells
  • Cell Membrane Permeability / drug effects
  • Cell Membrane Permeability / physiology
  • Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
  • Drug Design*
  • Humans
  • Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions*
  • Infusions, Parenteral
  • Lactic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Lactic Acid / chemical synthesis*
  • Macromolecular Substances / administration & dosage
  • Macromolecular Substances / chemical synthesis
  • Nanoparticles / administration & dosage
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Peptides / administration & dosage
  • Peptides / chemical synthesis*
  • Polyethylene Glycols / administration & dosage
  • Polyethylene Glycols / chemical synthesis*
  • Polyglycolic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Polyglycolic Acid / chemical synthesis*
  • Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer

Substances

  • GE11 peptide
  • Macromolecular Substances
  • Peptides
  • Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer
  • Polyglycolic Acid
  • Lactic Acid
  • Polyethylene Glycols