Hepatitis B Reactivation in Rheumatic Diseases: Screening and Prevention

Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2017 Feb;43(1):133-149. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2016.09.012. Epub 2016 Oct 22.

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation (HBVr) has been an increasingly recognized and appreciated risk of immunosuppressive therapies in rheumatic patients. Despite its potential for significant morbidity and mortality, HBVr is a fully preventable complication with appropriate pretreatment screening and close monitoring of susceptible patients. Better knowledge of the risk for HBVr with the different antirheumatic agents and the establishment of the new-generation oral antivirals in clinical practice has greatly improved the design of screening and therapeutic algorithms. In this review, all available data regarding HBVr in rheumatic patients are critically presented and a screening and therapeutic algorithm is proposed.

Keywords: Abatacept; Biologics; Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; Hepatitis B; Reactivation; Rheumatic diseases; Rituximab; TNF inhibitors; Tocilizumab.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antirheumatic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / diagnosis
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / drug therapy
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Mass Screening
  • Rheumatic Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Rheumatic Diseases / immunology
  • Virus Activation*

Substances

  • Antirheumatic Agents
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Immunosuppressive Agents