Preparing Pt-based one-dimensional (1D) ultrafine nanowires with abundant structural defects/grain boundaries and exploring their novel applications have attracted great interest in real-world applications. Here we introduce an environmentally friendly, facile aqueous solution approach to directly prepare a series of sub-3.0 nm PtRu ultrafine wavy nanowires. Characterizations show that the PtRu nanowires are alloy polycrystalline structures with abundant structural defects/grain boundaries. We first introduce the as-synthesized PtRu nanowires into electrochemical biosensors for the detection of DA and find that the Pt7Ru3 nanowires exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity to DA with fast response, ultralow limit of detection, and excellent selectivity at a potential of 0.3 V in 0.1 M phosphate buffered solution (pH 7.2). This study shows an effective approach to the development of ultrafine PtRu nanowires as electrocatalysts for electrochemical nonenzymatic dopamine biosensors.