Harzianone Biosynthesis by the Biocontrol Fungus Trichoderma

Chembiochem. 2017 Dec 5;18(23):2358-2365. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201700462. Epub 2017 Oct 24.

Abstract

Analysis of the volatile terpenes produced by seven fungal strains of the genus Trichoderma by use of a closed-loop stripping apparatus (CLSA) revealed a common production of harzianone, a bioactive, structurally unique diterpenoid consisting of a fused tetracyclic 4,7,5,6-membered ring system. The terpene cyclization mechanism was studied by feeding experiments using selectively 13 C- and 2 H-labeled synthetic mevalonolactone isotopologues, followed by analysis of the incorporation patterns by 13 C NMR spectroscopy and GC/MS. The structure of harzianone was further supported from a 13 C,13 C COSY experiment of the in-vivo-generated fully 13 C-labeled diterpene.

Keywords: NMR spectroscopy; biosynthesis; isotopic labeling; mass spectrometry; terpenoids.

MeSH terms

  • Carbon Isotopes / chemistry
  • Cyclization
  • Diterpenes / chemistry
  • Diterpenes / metabolism*
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Isotope Labeling
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Mevalonic Acid / analogs & derivatives
  • Mevalonic Acid / chemical synthesis
  • Mevalonic Acid / chemistry
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Terpenes / chemistry
  • Terpenes / metabolism
  • Trichoderma / chemistry
  • Trichoderma / metabolism*
  • Tritium / chemistry

Substances

  • Carbon Isotopes
  • Diterpenes
  • Terpenes
  • harzianone
  • Tritium
  • mevalonolactone
  • Carbon-13
  • Mevalonic Acid