Mining the tree of life: Host defense peptides as antiviral therapeutics

Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2019 Apr:88:147-155. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.03.001. Epub 2018 Mar 13.

Abstract

Discovering new therapeutics for human viral diseases is important for combatting emerging infectious viruses and omnipresent circulating viruses as well as those that can become resistant to the drugs we currently have available. The innate host defense peptide (HDP) repertoire present in animals is a wealth of potential antimicrobial agents that could be mined to meet these needs. While much of the body of research regarding HDPs is in the context of bacteria, there is increasing evidence that they can be an effective source for antivirals. Peptides can be identified in a number of ways, including eco-conservation-minded approaches. Those shown to have antiviral properties can be modified to exhibit desired properties as the relationship between structure and function is elucidated and then developed into therapeutics for human use. This review looks at the discovery and therapeutic potential of HDPs for human viral infections.

Keywords: Antimicrobial peptide; Antiviral; Drug discovery; Host defense peptide.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / chemical synthesis
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / isolation & purification
  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / therapeutic use*
  • Antiviral Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Antiviral Agents / isolation & purification
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Anura / physiology
  • Data Mining
  • Drug Design
  • Drug Discovery / methods
  • HIV-1 / drug effects*
  • HIV-1 / physiology
  • Herpesviridae / drug effects*
  • Herpesviridae / physiology
  • Humans
  • Influenza A virus / drug effects*
  • Influenza A virus / physiology
  • Virus Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Virus Diseases / virology

Substances

  • Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
  • Antiviral Agents