A reliable solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure using reduced graphene oxide and gold nanoparticle (rGO/Au) composite as sorbent was proposed for purification and enrichment of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), α-zearalenol (α-ZOL), β-zearalenol (β-ZOL), zearalanone (ZAN), α-zearalanol (α-ZAL) and β-zearalanol (β-ZAL) in milk. Main parameters affecting the performance of SPE procedure were thoroughly investigated. The optimized conditions included 2% acetonitrile in water as the loading solution, 5% methanol in water as the washing solution, and methanol/acetonitrile/formic acid (50/49/1, v/v/v) as the elution solvent. Satisfactory linearity (R2 ≥ 0.992), high sensitivity (limit of quantification in the range of 0.02-0.18 ng mL-1), adequate recovery (70.2-111.2%), and acceptable precision (RSD, 2.0-14.9%) were obtained when the optimal sample pretreatment protocol was combined with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection. The applicability of the validated method was further verified in real milk samples.
Keywords: Aflatoxin B(1) (PubChem CID: 186907); Aflatoxin M(1) (PubChem CID: 15558498); Milk; Mycotoxins; Ochratoxin A (PubChem CID: 442530); Reduced graphene oxide and gold nanoparticle composite; Solid-phase extraction; Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; Zearalanone (PubChem CID: 108003); Zearalenone (PubChem CID: 5281576); α-Zearalanol (PubChem CID: 2999413); α-Zearalenol (PubChem CID: 5284645); β-Zearalanol (PubChem CID: 65434); β-Zearalenol (PubChem CID: 6437352).
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