Salivary fetuin-A, S100A12, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in periodontal diseases

Aim: Hs-CRP, fetuin-A, and S100A12 are acute-phase proteins associated with many systemic diseases and conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical parameters and salivary Hs-CRP, fetuin-A, and S100A12 levels before and after nonsurgical periodontal treatments in the patients with periodontal diseases.

Materials and methods: A total of 54 subjects were divided into three groups of 18 patients each: periodontally healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis. Clinical periodontal parameters; salivary Hs-CRP, fetuin-A, and S100A12 levels; and salivary flow rates were evaluated at baseline and a month after the treatments.

Results: Fetuin-A and S100A12 were significantly lower and Hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in the chronic periodontitis and gingivitis groups than in the control group at baseline (p < 0.01). For the gingivitis and chronic periodontitis groups, the posttreatment levels of salivary fetuin-A and S100A12 were higher than the baseline levels of the same (p < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between Hs-CRP and fetuin-A and Hs-CRP and S100A12 (p < 0.001) and a positive correlation between fetuin-A and S100A12 (p < 0.05) at baseline.

Conclusions: Salivary fetuin-A and S100A12 levels decreased with increasing severity of periodontal disease. These results suggest that salivary fetuin-A may play an important role as a negative acute-phase protein in periodontal diseases.