Epilepsy is a chronic chaos of the central nervous system that influences individual's daily life by putting it at risk due to repeated seizures. Epilepsy affects more than 2% people worldwide of which developing countries are affected worse. A seizure is a transient irregularity in the brain's electrical activity that produces disturbing physical symptoms such as a lapse in attention and memory, a sensory illusion, etc. Approximately one out of every three patients have frequent seizures, despite treatment with multiple anti-epileptic drugs. According to a survey, population aged 65 or above in European Union is predicted to rise from 16.4% (2004) to 29.9% (2050) and also this tremendous increase in aged population is also predicted for other countries by 2050. In this paper, seizure detection techniques are classified as time, frequency, wavelet (time-frequency), empirical mode decomposition and rational function techniques. The aim of this review paper is to present state-of-the-art methods and ideas that will lead to valid future research direction in the field of seizure detection.
Keywords: Electroencephalogram (EEG); Empirical mode decomposition; Epilepsy; Fourier transform; Hilbert transform; Particle swarm optimization (PSO); Rational function; Wavelet.