Chitosan encapsulated nanocurcumin induces GLUT-4 translocation and exhibits enhanced anti-hyperglycemic function

Life Sci. 2018 Nov 15:213:226-235. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.027. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Abstract

Aim: The present study was undertaken to develop a Curcumin nanoparticle system with chitosan as a hydrophilic carrier. In addition, the anti-diabetic potential of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were assessed in comparison to those of free curcumin by examining the anti-hyperglycemic efficacy using in vitro assays.

Methods: Curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were prepared and characterized for particle size by transmission electron microscopy, FT-IR, differential scanning calorimetry and therapeutic effects of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were evaluated by measuring the level of GLUT-4 present at the plasma membrane in L6myc myotubes followed by western blotting. Additionally, anti-inflammatory potential of curcumin loaded chitosan nanoparticles were assessed by enzyme immunoassay using appropriate ELISA kits.

Key findings: Transmission electron microscopy revealed an average nanocurcumin particle size of 74 nm. Under in vitro conditions, treatment with chitosan-nanocurcumin (CS-NC) caused a substantial increase in the GLUT-4 translocation to the cell surface in L6 skeletal muscle cells and the effect was associated with increased phosphorylation of AKT (Ser-473) and its downstream target GSK-3β (Ser-9).

Significance: The therapeutic potential of nanocurcumin is prominent than that of curcumin alone. Nanocurcumin could improve the solubility of curcumin and may prolong its retention in the systemic circulation.

Keywords: Chitosan-nanocurcumin; GLUT-4 translocation; Glycogen synthase kinase; Hyperglycemia; Interleukin; Skeletal muscle.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Culture Techniques
  • Chitosan / chemistry
  • Chitosan / pharmacology*
  • Curcumin / pharmacology*
  • Drug Carriers / chemistry
  • Glucose Transporter Type 4 / drug effects*
  • Glucose Transporter Type 4 / genetics
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / metabolism
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / methods
  • Muscle, Skeletal / drug effects
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • Particle Size
  • Rats
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / methods

Substances

  • Drug Carriers
  • Glucose Transporter Type 4
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Chitosan
  • Curcumin