Aligned electrospun cellulose scaffolds coated with rhBMP-2 for both in vitro and in vivo bone tissue engineering

Carbohydr Polym. 2019 Jun 1:213:27-38. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.038. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Abstract

Physical properties of scaffolds such as nanofibers and aligned structures have been reported to exert profound effects on the growth and differentiation of stem cells due to their homing-effect features and contact guidance. However, the biological function of aligned nanofibers utilized as bone-scaffold has not been rigorously characterized. In the present study, aligned electrospun cellulose/CNCs nanocomposite nanofibers (ECCNNs) loaded with bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) were used for the first time to investigate (1) in vitro osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and (2) in vivo collagen assembly direction and cortical bone regeneration. Aligned ECCNNs scaffolds loaded with BMP-2 possess good biological compatibility. The growth orientation of BMSCs followed the underlying aligned nanofiber morphology, accompanied with increased alizarin red stain, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium content in vitro while, a rabbit calvaria bone defect model was used in an in vivo study with micro CT and histology analyses.

Keywords: Aligned nanofibers; Cellulose; Cellulose nanocrystals; Collagen assembly; Cortical bone; Electrospinning.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / chemistry*
  • Bone Regeneration
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cell Survival
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cellulose / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology
  • Rabbits
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Tissue Engineering*
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / chemistry*

Substances

  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta
  • recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2
  • Cellulose