Abstract
Peptides play crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Consequently, the investigation of peptide-based drugs is a highlight in the research and development of new drugs. However, natural peptides are not always ideal choices for clinical application due to their limited number and sometimes cytotoxicity to normal cells. Aiming to gain stronger or specific or novel biological effects and overcome the disadvantages of natural peptides, artificial hybrid peptides have been designed by combining the sequence of two or more different peptides with varied biological functions. Compared to natural peptides, hybrid peptides have shown better therapeutic potentials against bacteria, tumors, and metabolic diseases. In this review, design strategies, structure features and recent development of hybrid peptides are summarized; future directions for the research and development of hybrid peptide drugs are also discussed.
Keywords:
anti-tumor and anti-metabolic diseases; antibacterial; chemical modification; design strategies; hybrid peptides.
MeSH terms
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemical synthesis
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
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Anti-Obesity Agents / chemical synthesis
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Anti-Obesity Agents / therapeutic use
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Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / chemical synthesis*
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Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / therapeutic use
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Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis*
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
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Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
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Bacterial Infections / microbiology
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides / biosynthesis*
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides / genetics
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides / therapeutic use
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Cytotoxins / chemical synthesis
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Cytotoxins / therapeutic use
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology
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Drug Design
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Humans
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Hypoglycemic Agents / chemical synthesis*
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Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
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Molecular Targeted Therapy
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Neoplasms / drug therapy
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Neoplasms / pathology
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Obesity / drug therapy
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Obesity / metabolism
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Obesity / physiopathology
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Protein Engineering / methods*
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / biosynthesis*
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / therapeutic use
Substances
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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Anti-Obesity Agents
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Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides
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Cytotoxins
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Hypoglycemic Agents
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins