MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Germ Cell Tumors

Urol Clin North Am. 2019 Aug;46(3):449-457. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2019.04.011. Epub 2019 May 29.

Abstract

Two clusters of microRNAs have been discovered highly expressed by seminoma and nonseminoma germ cell tumors. They are secreted in blood of patients with testicular germ cell tumors and can be extracted from the serum or plasma and quantified by real-time-polymerase chain reaction. Results have confirmed the feasibility of the technique and demonstrated that sensitivity and specificity of those microRNAs in detecting viable germ cell tumors are higher than with current methods. If operation characteristics are confirmed in larger studies, those microRNAs will be valuable to manage equivocal clinical scenarios characterized by high uncertainty and high risk of over-treatment or under-treatment.

Keywords: Biomarkers; Germ cell tumor; Management of testis cancer; MicroRNAs; Testicular cancer.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • MicroRNAs / blood*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / blood*
  • Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / pathology
  • Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / therapy
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Testicular Neoplasms / blood*
  • Testicular Neoplasms / pathology
  • Testicular Neoplasms / therapy

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • MicroRNAs

Supplementary concepts

  • Testicular Germ Cell Tumor