Occurrence of and risk factors for extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae determined by sampling of all Norwegian broiler flocks during a six month period

PLoS One. 2019 Sep 26;14(9):e0223074. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223074. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

All broiler flocks reared and slaughtered in Norway from May-October 2016 (n = 2110) were screened for the presence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC) -resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Furthermore, we investigated possible risk factors for occurrence of such bacteria in broiler flocks. The odds of a flock being positive for ESC-resistant Enterobacteriaceae increased if the previous flock in the same house was positive, and if the flock was reared during September-October. However, we cannot exclude seasonal fluctuations in occurrence of ESC-resistant Enterobacteriaceae during the months November to April. The overall occurrence of ESC-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was 10.4%, and primarily linked to the presence of blaCMY (82.6%) in positive isolates. We describe the first findings of Escherichia coli with blaCTX-M-1, Klebsiella pneumoniae with both blaCTX-M-15 and blaSHV-12, and K. pneumoniae with blaCMY isolated from Norwegian broiler production. This study gives us a unique overview and estimate of the true occurrence of ESC-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Norwegian broilers over a six-month period. To the best of our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive study performed on the occurrence of ESC-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a broiler population.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cephalosporin Resistance*
  • Cephalosporins / pharmacology
  • Cephalosporins / therapeutic use
  • Chickens / microbiology*
  • Enterobacteriaceae / drug effects
  • Enterobacteriaceae / isolation & purification*
  • Enterobacteriaceae / physiology
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / drug therapy
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / epidemiology*
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / microbiology
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / veterinary
  • Norway / epidemiology
  • Poultry Diseases / drug therapy
  • Poultry Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Poultry Diseases / microbiology
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Cephalosporins

Grants and funding

This study was funded by the Norwegian Veterinary Institute to LNN and the Norwegian Research Council (https://www.forskningsradet.no/, grant number 250212/E50), awarded to LNN. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. There was no additional external funding received for this study.