Vitamin D Receptor Controls Cell Stemness in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Normal Bone Marrow

Cell Rep. 2020 Jan 21;30(3):739-754.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.12.055.

Abstract

Vitamin D (VD) is a known differentiating agent, but the role of VD receptor (VDR) is still incompletely described in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), whose treatment is based mostly on antimitotic chemotherapy. Here, we present an unexpected role of VDR in normal hematopoiesis and in leukemogenesis. Limited VDR expression is associated with impaired myeloid progenitor differentiation and is a new prognostic factor in AML. In mice, the lack of Vdr results in increased numbers of hematopoietic and leukemia stem cells and quiescent hematopoietic stem cells. In addition, malignant transformation of Vdr-/- cells results in myeloid differentiation block and increases self-renewal. Vdr promoter is methylated in AML as in CD34+ cells, and demethylating agents induce VDR expression. Association of VDR agonists with hypomethylating agents promotes leukemia stem cell exhaustion and decreases tumor burden in AML mouse models. Thus, Vdr functions as a regulator of stem cell homeostasis and leukemic propagation.

Keywords: acute myeloid leukemia; leukemic stem cell; vitamin D receptor.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Azacitidine / pharmacology
  • Bone Marrow / drug effects
  • Bone Marrow / pathology*
  • Cell Count
  • Cell Cycle / drug effects
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / metabolism
  • DNA Methylation / genetics
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cells / cytology
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cells / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / metabolism*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / pathology*
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Monocytes / drug effects
  • Monocytes / pathology
  • Myeloid Cells / drug effects
  • Myeloid Cells / metabolism
  • Myeloid Cells / pathology
  • Neoplastic Stem Cells / drug effects
  • Neoplastic Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Neoplastic Stem Cells / pathology*
  • Oncogenes
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics
  • Receptors, Calcitriol / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Survival Analysis
  • Tumor Stem Cell Assay

Substances

  • Receptors, Calcitriol
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases
  • Azacitidine