Infertility After Cancer: How the Need to Be a Parent, Fertility-Related Social Concern, and Acceptance of Illness Influence Quality of Life

Cancer Nurs. 2021 Jul-Aug;44(4):E244-E251. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000811.

Abstract

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) given a diagnosis of cancer who experience infertility concerns often report having poorer quality of life (QoL). However, the role of infertility-related stressors and illness acceptance on QoL is not clear.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the impact of psychosocial factors surrounding cancer treatment and infertility on QoL. We hypothesized that need for parenthood and infertility-related social concerns would be directly related to QoL and indirectly related to QoL through acceptance of illness.

Methods: Cancer patients/survivors (n = 178; 75.3% female) aged 15 to 29 years completed measures of QoL, acceptance of illness, infertility-related social concerns, and need for parenthood. Path analysis was used to test the hypothesized and subsequent models to determine the best fit for predictors of QoL.

Results: The final model explained 28.36% of the variance in QoL. Lower infertility-related social concerns were directly and indirectly related to higher QoL scores. Need for parenthood did not directly relate to QoL, instead relating directly to increased infertility-related social concerns. Higher acceptance of illness (β = .39) and older age (β = .19) were directly related to higher QoL scores. Female patients had higher need for parenthood (β = .17).

Conclusions: These findings suggest that social concerns and expectations surrounding infertility have a negative impact on AYA cancer survivors' and patients' QoL, which increases as AYAs approach socially normative parenting age.

Implications for practice: Providing survivors with specialist support to manage their infertility-related social concerns and improve their acceptance of illness has the potential to improve their QoL.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Cancer Survivors / psychology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infertility, Female / etiology
  • Infertility, Female / psychology*
  • Interpersonal Relations
  • Male
  • Neoplasms / complications
  • Neoplasms / psychology*
  • Parents
  • Quality of Life / psychology*
  • Research Design
  • Young Adult