Physiological Concepts of Cardiogenic Shock Using Pressure-Volume Loop Simulations: A Case-Based Review

Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J. 2020 Jan-Mar;16(1):43-49. doi: 10.14797/mdcj-16-1-43.

Abstract

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a complex syndrome of end-organ hypoperfusion that requires timely and thorough decision making. While many pathophysiologic and technical principles have been delineated in this issue, the purpose of this case-based report is to reflect upon some of these principles in the context of real-life scenarios. Given the obvious lacuna of evidence-based recommendations in CS, the authors provide a rationale for their decision-making process. The first case is a young post-heart-transplant patient with graft failure who was in a state of biventricular failure and restrictive physiology and required acute mechanical circulatory support (MCS). The second case is a patient who suffered a mechanical complication after experiencing an acute myocardial infarction that required MCS.

Keywords: cardiogenic shock; heart failure; mechanical support devices; pressure volume loop physiology.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review
  • Video-Audio Media

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiotonic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
  • Female
  • Graft Rejection / diagnosis
  • Graft Rejection / etiology*
  • Graft Rejection / physiopathology
  • Heart Failure / diagnosis
  • Heart Failure / etiology
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology*
  • Heart Failure / therapy
  • Heart Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Heart-Assist Devices
  • Humans
  • Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping / instrumentation
  • Models, Cardiovascular*
  • Myocardial Infarction / complications*
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • Myocardial Infarction / physiopathology
  • Recovery of Function
  • Risk Factors
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / diagnosis
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / etiology
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / physiopathology*
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / therapy
  • Stroke Volume
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left*
  • Ventricular Function, Right*
  • Ventricular Pressure*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Cardiotonic Agents