Definition of Uveitis Refractory to Treatment: A Systematic Review in the Absence of a Consensus

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2022 Jan 2;30(1):174-179. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2020.1793369. Epub 2020 Sep 4.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the different definition of refractoriness in uveitis in the literature.

Methods: We systematically searched the literature in order to identify definitions of refractory noninfectious uveitis in adult patients. A search strategy in the databases of MEDLINE and Scopus was used to find articles published between January 2005 and October 2018.

Results: Definitions of corticosteroids-refractoriness were related to two main concepts: persistence of inflammation despite the use of corticosteroid and recurrences above a dosage threshold. In terms of immunomodulatory therapy and biologic agents, we observed a great variety of definitions: persistence of inflammation, number of attacks, side effects or complications, symptoms, and best-corrected visual acuity.

Conclusions: The results of this systematic review demonstrate the current lack of consensus on the definition for refractory uveitis, regardless of the treatment being used and revealed a new terminology based on a comprehensive and operational definition for each specific category of refractoriness.

Keywords: Resistant; biologics; consensus; definition; glucocorticoids; immunomodulatory; intractable; refractory; uveitis treatment.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
  • Adult
  • Consensus
  • Humans
  • Immunomodulation
  • Inflammation / drug therapy
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Uveitis* / diagnosis
  • Uveitis* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones