Excited states of Coulomb systems are studied within density functional theory with information theoretical quantities. The Ghosh-Berkowitz-Parr thermodynamic transcription is extended to excited states, and the concept of the local temperature is introduced. It is shown that extremization of information entropy or Fisher information results in a constant temperature. For Coulomb systems, there is a simple relation between the total energy and phase-space Fisher information. The phase-space fidelity between excited states is proportional to the position-space fidelity, with a factor of proportionality depending on total energies. The phase-space relative entropy is equal to the position-space relative entropy plus a term depending only on the total energies. The relationship between the phase-space fidelity susceptibility and Fisher information is also presented.