Circulating tumor DNA in advanced solid tumors: Clinical relevance and future directions

CA Cancer J Clin. 2021 Mar;71(2):176-190. doi: 10.3322/caac.21650. Epub 2020 Nov 9.

Abstract

The application of genomic profiling assays using plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is rapidly evolving in the management of patients with advanced solid tumors. Diverse plasma ctDNA technologies in both commercial and academic laboratories are in routine or emerging use. The increasing integration of such testing to inform treatment decision making by oncology clinicians has complexities and challenges but holds significant potential to substantially improve patient outcomes. In this review, the authors discuss the current role of plasma ctDNA assays in oncology care and provide an overview of ongoing research that may inform real-world clinical applications in the near future.

Keywords: circulating tumor DNA; genomic profiling; liquid biopsy; plasma cell-free DNA; precision oncology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood*
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Circulating Tumor DNA / blood*
  • Circulating Tumor DNA / genetics
  • Clinical Decision-Making
  • Humans
  • Liquid Biopsy / methods
  • Liquid Biopsy / standards
  • Liquid Biopsy / trends
  • Medical Oncology / methods*
  • Medical Oncology / standards
  • Medical Oncology / trends
  • Mutation
  • Neoplasm Staging / methods
  • Neoplasm Staging / trends
  • Neoplasms / blood
  • Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Neoplasms / therapy
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Societies, Medical / standards
  • United States

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Circulating Tumor DNA