Aims: This study analyses the cross-sectional effect of sources of stress during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic on nurses´ psychological distress, focusing on the mediating role of coping strategies, both problem focused and emotion focused and resilience.
Design: Cross-sectional and quantitative analyses.
Methods: Structural equation modelling was performed using survey data obtained during the period between 1 April-25 May 2020 in a sample of 421 nurses from 39 Spanish provinces.
Results: Results confirmed that: (a) All the stressors have a significant, direct, and negative relationship with nurses´ psychological distress; (b) Emotion-focused strategies is negatively related to nurses´ psychological distress directly and indirectly through resilience; and (c) Problem-focused strategies is positively related to nurses´ psychological distress and negatively and indirectly through emotion-focused strategies.
Conclusion: This study identifies an important mediation sequence of stressors on psychological distress through the simultaneous concurrent effect of Problem-focused and Emotion-focused strategies and resilience. It shows that enacting the two coping mechanisms and resilience resources is important to achieve an adaptive effect on nurses´ mental health.
Impact: Nurses with insufficient preparation and those with high levels of fear of contagion do not enact proper coping strategies. Thus, these nurses need special consideration due to their risk of higher vulnerability.
目的: 本研究旨在分析新冠肺炎疫情高度蔓延期间压力源对护士心理困扰的横断面影响, 重点探讨以问题、情绪为中心的应对策略和弹性的中介作用。 设计: 横截面和定量分析。 方法: 利用2020年4月1日至5月25日期间获得的调查数据, 对西班牙39个省的421名护士进行结构方程建模。 结果: 结果证实: (a)压力源与护士的心理困扰呈显著、直接、负面相关; (b) 受弹性影响, 以情绪为中心的策略与护士的心理困扰直接或间接负相关; 以及 (c)以问题为中心的策略与护士的心理困扰正相关, 而以情绪为中心的策略与护士的心理困扰呈负相关或间接相关。 结论: 本研究过程中, 通过以问题为中心的策略、以情绪为中心的策略和心理弹性的并发效应, 确定压力源对心理困扰的重要中介序列。研究结果表明,上述两大机制和弹性资源对护士的心理健康有重要影响, 且此类影响可变更。 影响: 缺少准备的护士和对传染病高度恐惧的护士均未制定适当的应对策略。因此, 此类护士更易遭受影响,应特别考虑。.
Keywords: coping; nurses; resilience and psychological distress; stressors.
© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.