MR Imaging in the 21st Century: Technical Innovation over the First Two Decades

Magn Reson Med Sci. 2022 Mar 1;21(1):71-82. doi: 10.2463/mrms.rev.2021-0011. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Abstract

Clinical MRI systems have continually improved over the years since their introduction in the 1980s. In MRI technical development, the developments in each MRI system component, including data acquisition, image reconstruction, and hardware systems, have impacted the others. Progress in each component has induced new technology development opportunities in other components. New technologies outside of the MRI field, for example, computer science, data processing, and semiconductors, have been immediately incorporated into MRI development, which resulted in innovative applications. With high performance computing and MR technology innovations, MRI can now provide large volumes of functional and anatomical image datasets, which are important tools in various research fields. MRI systems are now combined with other modalities, such as positron emission tomography (PET) or therapeutic devices. These hybrid systems provide additional capabilities.In this review, MRI advances in the last two decades will be considered. We will discuss the progress of MRI systems, the enabling technology, established applications, current trends, and the future outlook.

Keywords: image acquisition; image reconstruction; magnetic resonance imaging; magnetic resonance imaging applications; magnetic resonance imaging system.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Inventions
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging* / methods
  • Positron-Emission Tomography*