Biological Effects of XyloCore, a Glucose Sparing PD Solution, on Mesothelial Cells: Focus on Mesothelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Inflammation and Angiogenesis

Valentina Masola; Mario Bonomini; Maurizio Onisto; Pietro Manuel Ferraro; Arduino Arduini; Giovanni Gambaro

doi:10.3390/nu13072282

Biological Effects of XyloCore, a Glucose Sparing PD Solution, on Mesothelial Cells: Focus on Mesothelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Inflammation and Angiogenesis

Nutrients. 2021 Jun 30;13(7):2282. doi: 10.3390/nu13072282.

Authors

Valentina Masola^{1

2}, Mario Bonomini³, Maurizio Onisto², Pietro Manuel Ferraro^{4

5}, Arduino Arduini⁶, Giovanni Gambaro¹

Affiliations

¹ Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy.
² Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
³ Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Medicine, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, SS.Annunziata Hospital, Via dei Vestini, 66013 Chieti, Italy.
⁴ U.O.S. Terapia Conservativa della Malattia Renale Cronica, U.O.C. Nefrologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00178 Rome, Italy.
⁵ Dipartimento Universitario di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00178 Rome, Italy.
⁶ R&D Department, Iperboreal Pharma Srl, 65122 Pescara, Italy.

Abstract

Glucose-based solutions remain the most used osmotic agents in peritoneal dialysis (PD), but unavoidably they contribute to the loss of peritoneal filtration capacity. Here, we evaluated at a molecular level the effects of XyloCore, a new PD solution with a low glucose content, in mesothelial and endothelial cells. Cell viability, integrity of mesothelial and endothelial cell membrane, activation of mesothelial and endothelial to mesenchymal transition programs, inflammation, and angiogenesis were evaluated by several techniques. Results showed that XyloCore preserves mesothelial and endothelial cell viability and membrane integrity. Moreover XyloCore, unlike glucose-based solutions, does not exert pro-fibrotic, -inflammatory, and -angiogenic effects. Overall, the in vitro evidence suggests that XyloCore could represent a potential biocompatible solution promising better outcomes in clinical practice.

Keywords: L-carnitine; Xylitol; biocompatible solutions; fibrosis; peritoneal dialysis.

MeSH terms

Biomarkers / metabolism
Cell Line
Cell Shape / drug effects
Cell Survival / drug effects
Cell Transdifferentiation / drug effects
Dialysis Solutions / pharmacology*
Electric Impedance
Epithelial Cells / drug effects
Epithelial Cells / metabolism*
Epithelium / drug effects
Epithelium / metabolism*
Glucose / pharmacology*
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / cytology
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / drug effects
Humans
Inflammation / pathology*
Mesoderm / drug effects
Mesoderm / metabolism*
Mitochondria / drug effects
Mitochondria / metabolism
Neovascularization, Physiologic* / drug effects
Oxidative Stress / drug effects
Peritoneal Dialysis*
Permeability
Snail Family Transcription Factors / genetics
Snail Family Transcription Factors / metabolism
Transforming Growth Factor beta / genetics
Transforming Growth Factor beta / metabolism
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism

Substances

Biomarkers
Dialysis Solutions
Snail Family Transcription Factors
Transforming Growth Factor beta
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Glucose