The banded chromosomes of the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and a hybrid bear (Ursus middendorfi X Thalarctos maritimus) have been studied and compared to those of other carnivores. The giant panda shares only a few apparently homologous chromosome arms with the bear (Ursidae) and equally few with the lesser panda, Ailurus fulgens (Procyonidae). Chromosomal evidence suggests appropriate placement of the giant panda in a family separate from the Uridae and the Procyonidae.