Abstract
Since 1984, a previously unrecognized respiratory coronavirus, causing a mostly unapparent infection, has rapidly and massively spread within the swine population in Europe, and few years later, a virus with similar characteristics has been identified in the USA. The agent, designated PRCV, appears to be derived from the porcine enteric coronavirus TGEV. The aim of the present article is to review comprehensively the state of the knowledge about this new virus and its infection. The review includes the following topics: epizootiology, molecular characterization and antigenic features of PRCV, pathogenesis and clinical aspects, immunity and laboratory diagnosis. The authors' views concerning the impact of the emergence of PRCV on both coronavirus research and swine production are presented in the conclusion.
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Base Sequence
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Coronaviridae / classification
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Coronaviridae / genetics*
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Coronaviridae / immunology
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Coronaviridae / physiology
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Coronaviridae Infections / epidemiology
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Coronaviridae Infections / microbiology
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Coronaviridae Infections / veterinary*
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Europe / epidemiology
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Genome, Viral*
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Open Reading Frames / genetics
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Respiratory System / microbiology
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Respiratory Tract Infections / epidemiology
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Respiratory Tract Infections / microbiology
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Respiratory Tract Infections / veterinary*
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Swine
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Swine Diseases / diagnosis
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Swine Diseases / epidemiology
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Swine Diseases / microbiology*
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Transmissible gastroenteritis virus / genetics
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United States / epidemiology
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Viral Proteins / chemistry
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Viral Proteins / genetics
Substances
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Viral Proteins
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spike protein S, Transmissible gastroenteritis virus